Which of the following effects does regular insulin have on the body?

Regular insulin plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism, particularly in its ability to regulate blood sugar levels. One of the primary effects of regular insulin is the inhibition of hepatic glucose production. When insulin is released, it signals the liver to stop producing new glucose through a process called gluconeogenesis and to decrease the breakdown of glycogen into glucose, which is known as glycogenolysis. This action helps to lower the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream, thus contributing to overall glucose homeostasis.

By inhibiting hepatic glucose production, insulin helps ensure that the body can maintain stable blood sugar levels, especially after a meal when glucose levels tend to rise. This mechanism is essential for individuals with diabetes, who often have impaired insulin secretion or action, leading to challenges in maintaining normal blood glucose levels.

Understanding this action of insulin is important, particularly in the context of managing diabetes and preventing complications associated with dysregulated blood glucose levels.